Scalability of high-power per weight halide perovskites photovoltaics

The UK strategy for a NThe UK strategy for a Net Zero economy by 2050 and the growing electrification of automotive and aircrafts is fuelling investments in the low carbon economy, predicted to be £170 billion/yr by 2030. In parallel, portable electronics will reach trillions of units in the next years generating huge demand for energy sources with high power per weight (W/Kg). Perovskites are a new class of semiconductors for next generation photovoltaics, already achieving certified efficiencies of 25.2% in glass substrates. The manufacturing process is compatible with lightweight, flexible substrates, making it suitable for high W/kg applications (aircrafts, space, IoT devices, etc). However, the lower processing temperatures required on these substrates leads to loss of performance (~12-15% on 10cm2). Understanding local microstructure on the overall performance is critical together with device area increases due to the lack of fast measurements and methods for quantification of structure.